What Should Replace GDP?

If GDP doesn’t measure what matters, what should? The answer is not a single number—but a better way of thinking about progress.

There Is No Single Perfect Replacement

GDP became dominant because it is simple. But simplicity comes at a cost—it leaves out much of what actually determines whether people and societies are thriving.

The future of economic measurement is not about replacing GDP with one new number. It is about building a broader, more accurate picture of progress.

A modern economy should be judged not just by how much it produces, but by how well it supports human well-being, fairness, and long-term sustainability.

Key Elements of a Better System

1. Well-Being

Measures of health, mental well-being, life satisfaction, and overall quality of life should be central to how we evaluate success.

2. Economic Security

A strong economy should provide stability, meaningful work, and protection against poverty—not just aggregate growth.

3. Inequality

Economic progress should reflect how benefits are distributed, not just how much is produced.

4. Environmental Sustainability

Growth that destroys ecosystems or depletes natural resources is not true progress.

5. Resilience

A healthy economy should be able to withstand shocks—from climate events to technological change.

The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI)

One of the most widely discussed alternatives to GDP is the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI).

GPI starts with economic activity, but adjusts it by:

The result is a measure that better reflects whether economic activity is actually improving people's lives.

Learn more about GPI →

A Dashboard Approach

Many economists now argue for a “dashboard” of indicators rather than a single metric. This approach allows societies to track multiple dimensions of progress at once.

These dashboards might include:

Why This Shift Matters

What we measure shapes policy decisions. If governments focus only on GDP growth, they may overlook the deeper factors that determine long-term prosperity and stability.

By measuring what truly matters, societies can make better decisions—ones that support both people and the planet.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best alternative to GDP?

There is no single best replacement. Many experts recommend a dashboard of indicators that include well-being, sustainability, inequality, and economic security.

Can GDP be replaced entirely?

GDP is unlikely to disappear completely, but it can be supplemented or de-emphasized in favor of more comprehensive measures.

What is a “well-being economy”?

A well-being economy prioritizes human health, happiness, equality, and environmental sustainability rather than focusing solely on economic growth.

Why use a dashboard instead of a single number?

No single metric can capture all aspects of progress. A dashboard allows societies to track multiple important factors at once.

Part of a Larger Conversation

Replace GDP is part of a broader effort to rethink how we build a better future. For related work on community, ethics, and global challenges, visit The Secular Community.